Everything you need to know about human metapneumovirus (HMPV) - Apex Hospital

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common respiratory virus that often goes unnoticed, yet it can significantly affect many people. Recently, there have been increases in HMPV cases in parts of China and India, highlighting the need for awareness, especially among vulnerable groups like young children and older adults. This blog will provide you with essential information about HMPV, including its symptoms, how it spreads, and ways to prevent infection. We will also share valuable insights on accessing quality healthcare at Apex Multispeciality Hospital, a top facility in Kalewadi, PCMC, Pune, ensuring you have the best support when needed.

What Is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?
HMPV belongs to the same family as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and causes cold-like symptoms such as cough, fever, and nasal congestion. Discovered in 2001, it has circulated globally for decades, with most children exposed by age five. While mild for many, it can lead to severe bronchitis or pneumonia in infants, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals.

How is HMPV Transmitted?
HMPV spreads through close contact with infected individuals. The virus can be transmitted via:
Respiratory droplets are released during coughing or sneezing.
Touching contaminated surfaces (e.g., doorknobs, toys) and touching the mouth, nose, or eyes.
In temperate regions, HMPV typically circulates during late winter and spring, coinciding with other respiratory viruses like RSV and influenza.

Symptoms by Age Group:
Adults Cough, fever, nasal congestion, sore throat, fatigue
Children Wheezing, rapid breathing (up to 50 breaths/minute), bronchiolitis, pneumonia
High-risk groups Severe shortness of breath, pneumonia, hospitalization needs

Key facts:
Spreads through coughs, sneezes, or contaminated surfaces.
Peaks in late winter and spring in temperate areas.
No specific vaccine or antiviral treatment exists.

Symptoms and Risks of HMPV Infection:
Most cases mimic the common cold, but severe symptoms include:
Trouble breathing or wheezing
Persistent high fever (>100.4°F)
Fatigue and muscle pain
Worsening cough or chest tightness
If you or your child experiences a high fever or difficulty breathing, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly.
The specific procedure depends on the injury. Here’s a general breakdown of the steps:

Diagnosis of HMPV:
Diagnosing HMPV involves:
PCR Testing: Detects viral RNA in respiratory specimens.
Antigen Detection: Identifies viral proteins.
However, due to overlapping symptoms with other viruses, misdiagnosis can occur. Healthcare providers may need to conduct multiple tests to confirm HMPV.

Treatment Options for HMPV:
Currently, No specific antiviral drugs or vaccines exist
Management focuses on supportive care:
Rest: Allows the body to combat the infection.
Hydration: Helps thin mucus and prevent dehydration.
Over-the-Counter Medications: To alleviate pain and reduce fever.
In severe cases, particularly among high-risk groups, hospitalization may be necessary for oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation.

Complications of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV):
HMPV infections range from mild to severe, especially in high-risk groups.
Respiratory Issues– Bronchiolitis, pneumonia, ARDS, and worsened COPD/asthma symptoms.
Systemic Effects– Kidney injury, neurological issues (seizures, encephalitis), and liver abnormalities.
High-Risk Groups– Elderly, immunocompromised, obese individuals, diabetics, and pregnant women face severe complications.
Secondary Infections– Higher risk of bacterial infections, sepsis, and ECMO support in critical cases

When to Seek Medical Help?
Visit a multispeciality hospital in PCMC, Pune, like Apex Multispeciality Hospital, if you or a loved one experience:
Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing
Bluish lips or face (indicating low oxygen)
Dehydration (reduced urination, dry mouth)
Worsening symptoms despite home care

The Role of Specialized Healthcare:
Hospitals like Apex Multispeciality Hospital in PCMC, Pune, play a vital role in managing HMPV through:
Timely diagnosis: Rapid testing to distinguish HMPV from flu or RSV.
Supportive care: Oxygen therapy, hydration, and fever management.
Post-recovery guidance: Tailored advice for high-risk patients.
Stay informed, practice preventive measures, and trust established healthcare providers like Apex Multispeciality Hospital—ranked among the best hospitals in Kalewadi, PCMC—for expert respiratory care. Early intervention can prevent complications, ensuring a swift recovery for most HMPV patients.

Conclusion:
Understanding human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is crucial for everyone, as it can cause respiratory issues in people of all ages. Recognizing the symptoms and knowing how to prevent its spread can help keep ourselves and our loved ones safe. If you think you have an HMPV infection or have any worries about your breathing, it’s important to see a doctor quickly. For those in Pune looking for quality care for respiratory problems or other health issues, Apex Multispeciality Hospital in Kalewadi, PCMC, offers expert medical services to help you get back to good health.

Learn More: https://www.apex-hospital.co.i....n/hmpv-symptoms-prev